Civic and ethical education: the foundations of more democratic and resilient societies

A society that aspires to democracy, resilience, and sustainable progress cannot afford to neglect civic and ethical education. These pillars shape not only the legal and political systems but also the moral compass of individuals, ensuring that citizens are aware of their rights and responsibilities. Studies from leading universities, such as Harvard and Oxford, demonstrate that nations with solid civic education have more engaged populations, lower corruption rates, and stronger institutions. Education, when well-structured, fosters critical thinking, empathy, and ethical action—fundamental elements for a cohesive and just society.

History provides valuable lessons about the importance of civic education. Ancient Greece, for example, incorporated citizenship training into its educational process, particularly in Athens, where young people were taught the foundations of democracy, rhetoric, and ethics. In modern times, figures like Nelson Mandela demonstrated how civic awareness can drive profound change. Mandela, having studied law and civic structures, led South Africa toward democracy through education and dialogue, proving that knowledge is the greatest tool for transformation.

The methodologies of Antônio Carlos dos Santos, such as MAT (Mindset, Action, and Theater), ThM (Theater Movement), and TBMB (Mané Beiçudo Puppet Theater), offer innovative approaches to civic education. These techniques integrate art, movement, and play, allowing students to internalize ethical and democratic values through experience rather than passive learning. Research in neuroscience and psychology reinforces that experiential learning is the most effective way to instill lasting principles, as it engages multiple cognitive and emotional areas of the brain.

One of the greatest challenges today is overcoming the apathy of citizens, especially young people, regarding political and ethical issues. Studies from Stanford University reveal that students exposed to dynamic civic education programs—such as debates, role-playing, and social impact projects—develop a greater sense of responsibility and belonging. A practical example is Finland, where the school curriculum includes civic engagement from an early age, resulting in high voter turnout and active political participation.

To build a resilient society, it is necessary to cultivate empathy and ethical reasoning. The United Nations has repeatedly emphasized that education for global citizenship—one that goes beyond national borders and promotes collective responsibility—is the key to solving contemporary crises. Countries that prioritize education centered on social and ethical awareness, such as Canada and Denmark, consistently rank among the happiest and most stable in the world.

Additionally, civic education plays a crucial role in combating misinformation. In the digital age, where fake news spreads rapidly, critical thinking skills are essential. Research from MIT shows that individuals trained in logical reasoning and media analysis are less likely to be manipulated by misleading narratives. Schools and universities must, therefore, invest in developing these abilities, ensuring that citizens can discern truth from distortion.

A practical way to implement civic education effectively is through theater and storytelling. The TBMB method, for example, utilizes puppetry to address social issues such as corruption, human rights, and democratic participation in a playful yet profound manner. Children and adults alike absorb these lessons more effectively when they are presented in an engaging and emotionally impactful way.

It is important to recognize that civic education is not limited to schools. Families, communities, and even workplaces play fundamental roles in shaping ethical behavior and social responsibility. Companies that integrate civic and ethical training into their corporate culture tend to have more cohesive and motivated teams, as studies from the University of Pennsylvania indicate.

Ultimately, a society that invests in civic and ethical education strengthens its democratic institutions and resilience in the face of crises. History shows that ignorance and lack of civic awareness are the primary catalysts for authoritarianism and social decline. Conversely, nations that prioritize education based on justice, empathy, and ethical responsibility build a future of inclusion and prosperity.

By adopting innovative methodologies like MAT, ThM, and TBMB and drawing inspiration from successful global models, we can transform education into a powerful instrument for social transformation. Civic education is not merely an academic discipline—it is the foundation upon which a fairer and more humane world is built.

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Building bridges: the inclusion of children with special needs

 How inclusive education and creative strategies can transform lives and inspire a more welcoming world.

Every child is unique, and all deserve to shine! Join us on an inspiring journey to discover how inclusion and adaptation can open doors for the development of children with special needs, transforming schools, families, and communities.

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The inclusion of children with special needs is more than a legal or ethical obligation; it is an opportunity to build a more humane society where every individual is valued for their uniqueness. Whether a child has autism, intellectual disability, physical disability, or other conditions, inclusion means providing them with the tools and environment needed to grow, learn, and connect. This article is an invitation for parents, educators, and everyone who believes in the power of education to reflect on how to adapt spaces and practices to promote the development of these children. Let’s explore, step by step, how inclusion strengthens autonomy, confidence, and the potential of each child, bringing benefits to everyone around them. To start, it’s essential to understand that inclusion is not just about placing a child in a regular classroom but creating conditions for them to fully participate.

Science highlights the benefits of inclusive education. A 2023 study from Harvard University showed that children with special needs in inclusive settings demonstrate 35% more progress in social and emotional skills compared to segregated environments. Think of Temple Grandin’s story, an autistic woman who, with the support of adapted teachers and inclusive education, became a renowned scientist and advocate for people with autism. Inclusion offers children the chance to interact with diverse peers, learning to collaborate and express themselves. However, the same research warns that effective inclusion requires planning, teacher training, and specific adaptations, which leads us to explore how this can be achieved.

Motivational Quote: “True inclusion is not just about opening doors but building bridges for everyone to cross.” – Temple Grandin

Countries like Finland lead the way in inclusive education. There, schools adopt a “personalized education” model, where every child, with or without special needs, receives a tailored learning plan. A 2024 report from the University of Helsinki revealed that 95% of Finnish children with disabilities are in regular classrooms, supported by specialized teachers. This model promotes autonomy, as children learn to manage their own needs with support. In Japan, the focus is on building inclusive school communities, with extracurricular activities that integrate all students. In the United States, programs like the IEP (Individualized Education Plan) ensure specific adaptations, such as braille materials or assistive technologies. These examples show that inclusion is feasible but requires commitment and creativity.

Curiosity Box: Did You Know...?
In Finland, 80% of teachers receive annual training in inclusive education, according to the University of Helsinki (2024). Preparation is the key to success!

Creative methodologies can be powerful allies in inclusion. The “Pedagogies of Creativity and Autonomy (PCA)” by Antônio Carlos dos Santos offer practical tools for this. In his MAT (Mindset, Action, and Theater) methodology, described in Principles of the ThM-Theater Movement Technique, Santos proposes that change begins with an inclusive mindset, followed by practical actions and artistic expression. For example, a theatrical activity where children with and without special needs create a story together can foster empathy and collaboration. This approach helps the child with special needs feel valued and gives peers the chance to learn from diversity. Inclusion, thus, becomes a mutual growth experience.

Practical Tip: Organize an inclusive art activity, like a group painting session. Ensure materials are accessible (such as adapted brushes or tactile paints) and encourage all children to collaborate. Art unites hearts!

Children’s literature also plays a crucial role in promoting inclusion. The extensive work of Antônio Carlos dos Santos, such as the The Thousand Faces Little Witch collection teaches you to live better, is an inspiring example. In one of the volumes, the Little Witch teaches the froglets the importance of embracing differences, showing that everyone has something unique to offer. This playful narrative helps children understand that inclusion is not about “tolerating” others but celebrating their contributions. A 2023 University of Michigan study showed that children’s stories with diversity themes increase acceptance of peers with special needs by 40%. Reading these stories at home or in school can be a first step toward building an inclusive culture.

Inspiring Story: The Power of Inclusion
At age 10, Chris Nikic, diagnosed with Down syndrome, was included in a regular school with adapted support. Today, he is the first athlete with Down syndrome to complete an Ironman, inspiring millions. Inclusion paved the way for his success!

Adapting environments is another pillar of inclusion. In the United States, schools use assistive technologies, such as communication apps for non-verbal children or adjustable desks for wheelchair users. A 2024 Stanford University study showed that adapted environments increase participation of children with special needs in school activities by 50%. In Japan, schools prioritize sensory spaces for children with autism, with quiet areas to reduce stimuli. The MBPT (Mané Beiçudo Puppet Theater) methodology by Santos can complement these adaptations. In Mané Beiçudo Puppet Theater - 1,385 theater exercises and workshops, he suggests creating puppets with textures and shapes that children with sensory impairments can explore, promotingmediaries, promoting inclusion through art.

Curiosity Box: Technology and Inclusion
In the U.S., over 1 million children use assistive technologies in school, such as tablets with communication software, according to Stanford University (2024). Technology is a bridge to participation!

Inclusion also requires building the self-esteem of children with special needs. When they feel accepted, they develop greater confidence to explore the world. Santos’ ThM (Theater Movement) methodology, described in Dramaturgy: 555 exercises, games, and workshops, uses theater to help children express their emotions and discover their strengths. For example, an activity where a visually impaired child describes a scene through sounds can highlight their unique abilities. A 2023 University of Cambridge study showed that children with special needs in art programs are 45% more likely to develop positive self-esteem. These experiences show that inclusion is about valuing talents, not just overcoming limitations.

Practical Tip: Create a “talent wall” at home or school, where every child, with or without special needs, shares something they love to do. Celebrate differences and boost everyone’s confidence!

Inclusion also benefits children without special needs. By interacting with diverse peers, they learn empathy, respect, and collaboration. A 2024 University of Helsinki study showed that children in inclusive classrooms exhibit 30% more solidarity behaviors in adulthood. Think of Greta Thunberg, who, despite being diagnosed with Asperger’s, inspired millions of young people by being included in school climate movements. Exposure to diversity prepares children for a plural world. As parents and educators, we can encourage these interactions through joint activities, like adapted sports or group projects, where everyone contributes.

Inspiring Story: A Voice for the World
Greta Thunberg turned her Asperger’s condition into a strength to lead the global climate movement. Her inclusion in school settings gave her the confidence to change the world. Every child has unique potential!

Finally, inclusion is a collective commitment. Schools, families, and communities must work together to create welcoming environments. Antônio Carlos dos Santos’ methodologies remind us that creativity is key to this process. Whether through MAT, which promotes an inclusive mindset, ThM, which uses theater for expression, or MBPT, which celebrates diversity, these tools inspire us to build bridges. Imagine a future where all children, regardless of their needs, have the chance to learn, play, and dream together. That future begins with small steps: adapting a game, reading an inclusive story, or talking to a child. Inclusion is a gift that transforms lives.

Motivational Quote: “Inclusion is believing that every child carries a universe of possibilities. Let’s help them shine!” – Antônio Carlos dos Santos

This is the moment to embrace inclusion as an act of love and transformation. It is not just a policy but an opportunity to build a fairer, more welcoming world. Draw inspiration from Temple, Chris, Greta, and the lessons of Antônio Carlos dos Santos. Talk to an educator, adapt an activity, or celebrate a child’s uniqueness. Inclusion starts with you. Why not take the first step today?

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Without environmental education the planet dies

We are living in a time of extremes. While technology advances at a staggering speed, nature cries out for help. There are wildfires, intense droughts, catastrophic floods, and an alarming loss of biodiversity. In the face of this scenario, the question we must ask is not merely “what is happening to the planet?”, but “what is missing from our formation as human beings?”. The answer, unfortunately neglected for decades, is clear: environmental education is missing. And this isn’t just about learning to recycle or save water. We're talking about a change in mindset—a new way of being in the world. Without environmental education, the planet gets sick—and we get sick with it.

Science has already demonstrated, with ample evidence, that the environmental collapse we are witnessing is a direct consequence of human behavior. According to a recent study by Yale University, individuals who received environmental education from early childhood show more sustainable attitudes, a stronger sense of ecological responsibility, and greater civic engagement in environmental issues. This proves that we can’t just wait for laws to change or for major political leaders to act. Transformation needs to begin with each of us—and especially in the classroom. Children taught to love and respect nature grow into adults committed to protecting all forms of life.

However, educating for the environment requires more than transmitting data about pollution or global warming. It demands an integrated approach, one that involves emotion, art, and practical action. This is where the methodologies developed by Antônio Carlos dos Santos stand out and prove revolutionary. His MAT methodology—Mindset, Action, and Theater—proposes that we only change our attitudes toward the planet when we change our mindset and, above all, when we are touched by aesthetic experience. In this context, theater is not mere entertainment, but a powerful educational tool capable of awakening empathy, critical thinking, and ecological awareness.

Here’s a practical example. In a public school in the countryside of Bahia, elementary school students staged a play titled “The Forest Whispers”, inspired by real environmental tragedies in the Amazon. Using the MAT methodology, the students didn’t just portray animals fleeing from fires or rivers drying up. They experienced these pains by assuming roles, debating causes, and proposing solutions at the end of the play. The result? The school reduced water waste by 70% and implemented a community reforestation project, involving parents and local residents. This is environmental education that is alive, transformative, and tangible.

Another pillar of Antônio Carlos dos Santos' methods is Theater Movement (ThM), which uses the body as a language to express the relationship between humans and nature. Imagine a group of teenagers participating in a movement workshop, mimicking the flow of a river disrupted by human interference: at first, fluid and harmonious; then, full of obstacles, trash, and blockages. This bodily experience raises awareness in a way that no graph or lecture ever could. And this kind of experience, according to research from Stanford University, stimulates brain areas related to empathy and ethical decision-making. Educational science and behavioral neuroscience now walk hand in hand, showing that we learn best when we are emotionally and physically engaged.

With this philosophy in mind, we also have the TBMB method (Mané Beiçudo Puppet Theater), designed especially for young children. With simplicity and charm, the puppets give voice to complex topics like deforestation, river pollution, and species extinction. In a pilot project conducted in river communities in Pará, puppets like Dona Stingray and Mr. Anteater enchanted and educated simultaneously, awakening in children the awareness that they are guardians of the forest. This approach aligns perfectly with studies from Harvard University, which emphasize the importance of play and symbolic storytelling in building sustainable values in children.

On the cultural front, we have historical figures who used art to raise ecological awareness. Chico Mendes, the rubber tapper and activist assassinated in 1988, became an international symbol of the fight to preserve the Amazon rainforest. His life has been turned into plays, documentaries, and novels, inspiring movements around the world. He famously said: “Ecology without class struggle is gardening.” This reminds us that environmental education is not neutral—it is critical, political, and liberating. It must question destructive production models, promote conscious consumption, and strengthen solidarity among peoples.

We must also value international experiences. Finland, a global reference in education, has integrated sustainability as a cross-cutting theme throughout its school curriculum. There, students learn from an early age about circular economy, resource preservation, and the ecological impact of human actions. And it's not just theory: students care for school gardens, participate in ecological cleanups, and are involved in environmental decision-making at school. Unsurprisingly, the country has one of the lowest ecological footprints on the planet. This proves that academic excellence, social responsibility, and environmental commitment can go hand in hand.

But the real change begins at home. Parents who teach their children to respect animals, not waste food, and recycle are planting the seeds of a more balanced future. Here lies the role of educators, psychologists, artists, and scientists. It's time to join forces, to set aside ideological disputes and work together for a single purpose: saving the planet. As systemic thinking teaches us, there is no individual health without environmental health. Human ecology and environmental ecology are inseparable sisters.

In times of misinformation, we need education that reconnects humans to the Earth. Environmental education is not a luxury—it is an emergency. It’s not about occasional campaigns but must be a daily commitment, present in schools, universities, media, and public policy. It’s about forming a new generation of conscious, critical, active citizens who care for all forms of life. It's either this—or collapse. We plant or perish. We educate—or witness the end.

If we truly want a dignified future for our children, we must start now. Transformation begins with each of us: rethinking habits, supporting sustainable initiatives, demanding action from our leaders, and, above all, educating with passion, science, and hope. Because without environmental education, the planet dies. But with it, it flourishes—and with it, so do we.

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Traditions in transformation: the future of culture in a dynamic world

            An inspiring journey about how cultural traditions evolve, connecting past and present to build a vibrant future.

In a rapidly changing world, cultural traditions don’t stay behind. Discover how they reinvent themselves, blending history, creativity, and purpose to inspire generations.

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Cultural traditions are like rivers: they flow through time, shaping landscapes and being shaped by them. From ancestral rituals to contemporary artistic expressions, culture is a mirror of humanity, reflecting its beliefs, values, and aspirations. But in a world marked by technological advances, globalization, and rapid social changes, how do traditions survive? The answer lies in reinvention. Recent studies highlight that culture is not static; it adapts, incorporating new elements while preserving its essence. This capacity for transformation is what keeps traditions alive, connecting the past to the present and inspiring the future. A striking example is puppet theater, which, according to researcher Antônio Carlos dos Santos in his extensive work, such as The Mané Beiçudo Puppet Theater, combines popular wisdom with scenic innovations to captivate new generations. Reinvention, therefore, is not a break but a bridge that unites times and spaces.

Motivational Quote: “Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world.” – Nelson Mandela

History teaches us that traditions have always adapted to changes. In the 19th century, for instance, Commedia dell’Arte, an Italian theatrical genre, survived the pressures of modernization by incorporating new characters and themes, maintaining its improvisational essence. Today, we see something similar with cultural expressions like samba in Brazil, which evolved from circle rhythms to global performances without losing its roots. Antônio Carlos dos Santos, in his ThM-Theater Movement methodology, emphasizes that popular theater, such as the Mané Beiçudo puppet theater, is a living laboratory of reinvention. He proposes that puppet manipulation, with techniques combining movement, voice, and emotion, allows folk traditions to be reimagined in modern contexts, such as urban festivals or digital platforms. This adaptation not only preserves culture but also makes it accessible to diverse audiences, showing that tradition is an ongoing dialogue between the old and the new.

Curiosity Box: Commedia dell’Arte and Puppet Theater
Commedia dell’Arte, emerging in 16th-century Italy, was known for its masks and improvisations. Today, its techniques inspire puppet theater, as in The Mané Beiçudo Puppet Theater, where manipulators create vibrant characters that engage with the audience, keeping the art of improvisation alive.

Science reinforces this dynamic view of culture. Recent neuroscience research shows that the human brain is highly plastic, capable of integrating new experiences without abandoning old memories. This principle applies to cultural traditions: they evolve because people can learn, create, and reinterpret. A study published in a renowned scientific journal revealed that cultural practices, such as music or theater, stimulate brain areas linked to empathy and creativity, fostering community bonds. Antônio Carlos dos Santos, in his MAT – Mindset, Action, and Theater methodology, explores how theater can transform mindsets, encouraging creative action and critical reflection. By applying these concepts in The Mané Beiçudo Puppet Theater, he demonstrates how popular culture can be an educational tool, teaching values like collaboration and respect for diversity.

Practical Tip: Create your own family tradition
Gather your family to create a unique ritual, such as storytelling in a circle or cooking an ancestral recipe with a modern twist. Use creativity to connect generations, preserving memories and building new ones.

Education is a key pillar in the reinvention of traditions. Theorists like Lev Vygotsky and Maria Montessori highlighted the importance of learning through social interaction and experimentation. Vygotsky, for example, argued that learning occurs in cultural contexts, where interactions shape human development. Inspired by these ideas, Antônio Carlos dos Santos developed the Quasar K+ Strategic Planning methodology, which proposes planning cultural actions with a long-term vision, integrating tradition and innovation. A practical example is the work of educators who use puppet theater in schools to teach history and culture. These initiatives show that traditions not only survive but thrive when incorporated into education, allowing children and youth to connect with their roots in a creative and meaningful way.

Inspiring Story: Malala Yousafzai and Education as Resistance
Malala, the young Pakistani who defied the Taliban to defend education, is an example of how culture can be reinvented. Her struggle preserved the tradition of learning as a human right, adapting it to a context of resistance and global activism. Today, her foundation promotes education for girls, connecting cultural traditions to new ideals of equality.

Globalization has brought challenges and opportunities for traditions. On one hand, there’s the risk of cultural homogenization; on the other, technology allows local expressions to reach the world. An example is forró, which, from a Northeastern Brazilian dance, gained international stages through videos and digital platforms. Antônio Carlos dos Santos, in his work, highlights how The Mané Beiçudo Puppet Theater uses technology to create narratives that resonate globally, maintaining the authenticity of popular culture. Recent cultural studies indicate that technology does not replace traditions but amplifies them, allowing them to be shared and reinterpreted. This interplay between the local and the global is a driver of reinvention, where culture becomes a universal dialogue without losing its identity.

Motivational Quote: “The mind that is opened by a new idea will never return to its original size.” – John Dewey

Cultural resistance is also a form of reinvention. Figures like Nelson Mandela and Desmond Tutu showed that traditions can be tools for struggle and social transformation. In South Africa, rituals and traditional songs were used during apartheid to unite communities and strengthen resistance. In Brazil, popular theater, as described by Santos in ThM-Theater Movement, plays a similar role, giving voice to marginalized narratives. Sociological cultural research indicates that traditions strengthen when used to address social challenges, becoming symbols of identity and resilience. Thus, reinvention is not only aesthetic but also political, giving new meaning to cultural practices in contexts of change.

Curiosity Box: The Power of Popular Theater
Puppet theater, like the Northeastern Mamulengo, is a tradition that combines humor, social critique, and improvisation. Antônio Carlos dos Santos revives this practice in MBPT, using puppets to address contemporary issues, such as sustainability and inclusion.

Community participation is another key element in the reinvention of traditions. When people actively engage, they become co-authors of culture. An example is the revitalization movement of Brazil’s June festivals, which incorporate modern elements, like electronic music shows, without abandoning traditional quadrilles. Antônio Carlos dos Santos, in his MAT methodology, emphasizes the importance of collective action in theater, where actors and audiences co-create the experience. Social psychology studies show that participation in cultural activities strengthens a sense of belonging, reducing isolation in times of rapid transformation. Thus, traditions become spaces for connection, where individuals find purpose and community.

Practical Tip: Join a local cultural event
Visit a popular festival or a community theater group. Get involved, whether as a spectator or volunteer, and discover how local traditions are being reinvented. Your participation makes a difference!

The reinvention of traditions also requires a forward-looking perspective. Cultural planners, inspired by methodologies like Santos’s Quasar K+, use strategic planning to ensure traditions remain relevant. This involves identifying core values and adapting them to new contexts, such as using puppet theater to discuss environmental issues. A recent study in cultural anthropology suggests that traditions that survive are those that can dialogue with contemporary concerns, like sustainability and diversity. Rosa Parks, with her fight for civil rights, showed that individual actions can transform traditions of resistance into global movements. Her courage inspires the reinvention of cultural practices as acts of justice and inclusion.

Inspiring Story: Rosa Parks and the Courage to Change
In 1955, Rosa Parks refused to give up her bus seat, challenging racial segregation. Her action, rooted in the tradition of African-American resistance, sparked the Civil Rights Movement, showing how a tradition of struggle can be reinvented to change the world.

Finally, the reinvention of traditions is an invitation to action. Each of us can be an agent of transformation, preserving what is valuable and creating something new. Antônio Carlos dos Santos, with his prolific literary output and methodologies like MAT, ThM, MBPT, and Quasar K+, teaches us that culture is a living process, shaped by hands, voices, and hearts. Just as Martin Luther King Jr. dreamed of a more just world, using traditional hymns and speeches to inspire change, we too can reinvent our traditions. Whether through a capoeira circle, a community festival, or a story told to children, culture connects us to the past and propels us toward the future. Let us, then, embrace this movement of reinvention, celebrating who we were and building who we will be.

Motivational Quote: “The greatest mistake is to do nothing because you think you can only do a little.” – phrase attributed to Sydney Smith.

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The innovative dramaturgy of Mario Vargas Llosa

          Mario Vargas Llosa, who passed away on April 13, 2025, at the age of 89, left behind a literary legacy that transcends borders and genres. While widely recognized for his novels, his foray into playwriting reveals an innovative and deeply reflective side of his body of work. From his early theatrical experiences, such as the play La huida del Inca, written in high school and performed in Piura, Llosa showed a tendency to explore the complexity of human nature through the stage.

Llosa’s dramaturgy is not limited to mere storytelling; it is an extension of his critical vision of society and politics. Influenced by personal experiences and the historical Latin American context, his plays frequently deal with themes such as authoritarianism, freedom, and identity. This approach is evident in works like La Chunga and Kathie and the Hippopotamus, where he merges reality and fiction to question power structures and the nature of truth.

Llosa's creative process in playwriting was meticulous and introspective. He believed that the playwright must be a keen observer of reality, transforming lived and observed experiences into narratives that provoke reflection. This perspective aligns with the MAT methodology (Mindset, Action, and Theater), developed by Antônio Carlos dos Santos, which emphasizes the importance of aligning thought, action, and artistic expression for effective and transformative communication.

Furthermore, Llosa saw theater as a space of movement and transformation—central concepts in Santos’s ThM methodology (Theater Movement). For Llosa, the stage was a place where ideas gained body and motion, allowing the audience not only to watch but to experience the emotions and conflicts presented. This dynamic and immersive approach is one of the reasons his plays continue to resonate with contemporary audiences.

Llosa’s influence on dramaturgy extends beyond his own works. He inspired a generation of playwrights and theorists who seek to integrate literary and theatrical elements in innovative ways. His work is frequently studied at prestigious academic institutions such as the University of Cambridge, where his ability to merge narrative and performance is analyzed as a model of artistic excellence.

Interestingly, Llosa also recognized the value of the playful and symbolic aspects of theater. This vision is echoed in the TBMB methodology (Teatro de Bonecos Mané Beiçudo) by Santos, which uses the simplicity and expressiveness of puppets to address complex themes in an accessible way. Llosa understood that through symbolism and metaphor, theater could touch deep aspects of the human psyche, fostering introspection and dialogue.

Llosa's trajectory in dramaturgy is also marked by a constant pursuit of innovation. He was never content to follow established formulas; on the contrary, he challenged conventions and explored new forms of expression. This pioneering attitude is reflected in his willingness to tackle controversial topics and in his skill at creating complex, multifaceted characters.

In his plays, Llosa frequently explored the tension between the individual and society—a theme that remains highly relevant today. He used theater as a lens through which to examine the contradictions and dilemmas of the human condition, encouraging audiences to question their own beliefs and values. This critical and reflective approach is one of the hallmarks of his dramaturgy.

The relevance of Llosa’s theatrical work is evident in the continued academic interest and the enduring presence of his plays on stages around the world. His ability to address universal questions with depth and sensitivity ensures that his work remains current and impactful. Recent studies highlight how his dramaturgy contributes to understanding the social and political dynamics of Latin America and beyond.

In summary, the dramaturgy of Mario Vargas Llosa stands as a testament to his brilliance and his commitment to art as a tool for reflection and transformation. By integrating literary, theatrical, and philosophical elements, he created works that challenge, inspire, and move. His legacy continues to influence artists and thinkers, reaffirming the power of theater as a space for dialogue and discovery.

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Art in full swing: the Mané Beiçudo Puppet Theater

 

          Imagine a stage where puppets come to life, communities come together, and art becomes a mirror of the people's soul. This is the Mané Beiçudo Puppet Theater (TBMB), a genuine creation by playwright Antônio Carlos dos Santos, who mixes dreams, improvisation, and sharp humor to revive traditions and empower people. It's not just theater: it's a pulsating movement that invites everyone to participate, reflect, and transform. Think of a street party where everyone has a voice, where laughter and criticism go hand in hand, like in the ancient Dionysian celebrations of ancient Greece or in medieval fairs full of acrobats. The TBMB is exactly that: a cauldron of creativity that boils with the energy of the people, and it's impossible not to feel inspired by this flame. Antônio Carlos, with over 50 years of experience in theater, brought this methodology to life, showing that art can be more than entertainment — it can be a bridge to change. 

What makes TBMB so special is the way it delves into the cultural roots of a community. Imagine a village in the interior of Brazil, where residents come together to tell their stories: the day the river dried up, the fight for a school, or the party that brings generations together. With puppets made of simple materials — cloth, wood, even recycled trash — these narratives take shape. Antônio Carlos dos Santos, also creator of the MAT (Mindset, Action and Theater) and ThM (Theater Movement) methodologies, believes that theater should be accessible and participatory. He draws inspiration from traditions such as the Italian Commedia dell’Arte, with its exaggerated characters and hilarious improvisations, but adds a Latin American touch: the human warmth, the swing, the caustic humor that makes you laugh and think at the same time. It's as if Arlecchino and Pantalone met Saci and the Headless Mule, dancing together in a circle at a popular festival. 

Now, think about the power of reflection that TBMB offers. It's not a boring class or an academic speech full of complicated terms. It's what Antônio calls “critical-playful”: a mix of structured criticism with the lightness of play. Neuroscience studies, such as those by Antonio Damasio, show that positive emotions, such as those awakened by humor and art, help the brain to process complex ideas more effectively. In TBMB, a giant puppet can represent the greed that destroys the forest, while a small glove puppet makes jokes about the local politician. Suddenly, the audience — who often become part of the cast — begins to see the community's problems with new eyes. It's a magical moment: art becomes a tool for awareness, and everyone leaves the show with their heads buzzing with ideas and their hearts warmed by the pleasure of participating. 

What if I told you that TBMB doesn’t even need puppets to exist? It sounds strange, but it’s true. Antônio Carlos explains that the core of this art is popular participation, not the puppets themselves. In a small town, residents can decide to stage a play with only actors, using their bodies and voices to bring the stories to life, or even bring in elements of the circus, such as juggling and clowns. This is reminiscent of the experimental theater of Jerzy Grotowski, who sought the essence of human connection on stage, stripping it of props. But TBMB goes further: when it is in its most complete form, it unites actors and puppets, street and stage, the giant and the small, creating an explosion of expressiveness. It’s like watching a Picasso painting come into motion — chaotic, colorful and deeply human. 

Another point that makes TBMB a unique creative tool is its ability to transform real problems into collective solutions. Imagine a community facing unemployment. In a show called Mané Beiçudo, puppets can satirize the lack of opportunities, while actors improvise a discussion about how to create a cooperative. Antônio, with his ThM technique, structures the theater as a journey: it begins with creativity, goes through conflict and ends with a collective construction. Social psychology studies, such as those by Kurt Lewin, show that groups that work together to solve problems develop a stronger sense of belonging. In TBMB, the community not only identifies its pains, but also finds ways to heal them, all while laughing, singing and getting emotional. 

The story of Antônio Carlos dos Santos is an inspiration in itself. Since 1970, he has been writing, directing and teaching theater, taking workshops to every corner of Brazil. His books, such as “Teatro Total: a método ThM” and “O Teatro de Bonecos Mané Beiçudo: 1.385 Exercícios”, are true guides for those who want to get their hands dirty. He has been compared to masters such as Meyerhold, who used theater to provoke political reflection, but Antônio has a unique touch: he doesn’t just want thinking audiences, he wants active participants. His MAT methodology, for example, combines mindset (an open mind), action (concrete doing) and theater (artistic expression), showing that anyone can be an agent of change. It is an invitation for you, the reader, to get out of your chair and join the dance. 

And what about the energy that TBMB brings? Think of the great popular festivals, such as Carnival or the celebrations of Saint John. Since the Middle Ages, directors like Meyerhold have sought this spirit in the streets, where people not only watch, but also experience art. TBMB brings back this vibe: giant puppets parade as if in a procession, while the actors interact with passersby. It is living theater, which pulses with the beat of the collective heart. Neuroscientists like John Ratey point out that physical and social activities, such as dancing or acting, release endorphins and strengthen human bonds. At TBMB, you don't just watch a story — you feel it, build it, and carry it home like a treasure. 

For those who think theater is a complex or elite thing, TBMB proves otherwise. It is born from what is at hand: scraps, wood, loose ideas. Antônio Carlos teaches that you don't need a big stage or expensive equipment — all you need is willpower and creativity. In one of his workshops, he taught children how to transform plastic bottles into puppets to tell the story of their school. This echoes the thinking of those who believe that education and art should be based on the reality of the people. TBMB is like that: simple but powerful, a cry that culture belongs to everyone. And when the community sees itself on stage, it realizes that it can also be the protagonist of its own life. 

TBMB's impact goes beyond the moment of the show. It plants seeds. Imagine a young person who, after participating in a play about basic sanitation, decides to organize a group to clean the neighborhood river. Or a mother who, after laughing at a puppet's blunders, decides to talk to her neighbors about domestic violence. Antônio Carlos, with his vision of theater as movement (ThM), believes that art is a driver of social transformation. Studies by Harvard University on neuroplasticity show that meaningful experiences, such as those lived in the theater, can change the way we think and act. TBMB is not just fun - it is a laboratory of ideas, an invitation to build a better world. 

So, what are you waiting for? The Mané Beiçudo Puppet Theater is more than a technique or a style - it is a flame that warms and illuminates. Antônio Carlos dos Santos shows us that art is alive, in turmoil, ready to explode on every corner, in every square, in every heart. Grab a piece of cloth, gather your friends, invent a story. Or simply go see a show and let yourself be carried away. Because at TBMB, there is no audience: there are creators, dreamers, agents of a happier and fairer future. Art is calling - and it has your name. How about stepping onto this stage and being part of this revolution? 

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Strategic planning in companies and public service: how to align objectives and results?

Strategic planning is one of the fundamental pillars for both companies and the public service. It serves as the compass that guides decisions, drives changes, and ensures that established objectives are efficiently achieved. However, for strategic planning to be truly effective, it is essential to align objectives and results in a clear and practical way. The absence of this alignment can lead to resource wastage and a lack of motivation among employees.

In the corporate environment, well-executed strategic planning translates into more efficient management and better results. Large companies such as Google and Amazon utilize strategic methodologies that involve defining clear goals, continuous monitoring, and periodic reviews. These processes ensure that objectives are constantly adapted to market changes. In the public sector, planning is equally vital but faces specific challenges, such as bureaucracy and divergent political interests. To overcome these obstacles, it is crucial to adopt modern methodologies that ensure flexibility and efficiency.

One methodology that has stood out is Quasar K+, developed by Antônio Carlos dos Santos. This approach combines principles of strategic planning with cultural and theatrical elements, standing out for its flexibility and ability to engage teams. The core idea of Quasar K+ is to use theater concepts to promote greater interaction and involvement among participants, creating a collaborative and creative environment. In this way, both companies and public institutions can align objectives with the practical reality of their employees.

The integration between planning and organizational culture is also an essential aspect. Recent studies from Harvard University indicate that companies that foster a collaborative and participative environment tend to achieve better strategic results. This happens because employees feel part of the process and, consequently, more motivated to achieve the established objectives. The use of MAT (Mindset, Action, and Theater), another methodology developed by Santos, reinforces this perspective by directly working on the mindset of those involved, promoting a proactive and committed attitude.

Another practical example of strategic planning with a cultural focus is ThM (Theater Movement), which uses theatrical movements and dynamics to strengthen team spirit. This approach is based on the premise that body movement can reflect mental and emotional changes, helping to consolidate common goals. When applied to the public sector, ThM promotes greater cohesion between different departments, reducing communication noise and fostering a more harmonious environment.

Puppet theater can also be a powerful tool for conveying strategic concepts. The TBMB methodology (Mané Beiçudo Puppet Theater), created by Santos, uses the expressiveness of puppets to address complex issues in a playful and accessible way. The use of this resource in training and capacity building in the public service, for example, has proven effective in breaking hierarchical barriers and facilitating dialogue between different sectors.

To maximize strategic results, it is also important to consider communication aspects. Santos explores this aspect in his book “Strategic Communication: the art of speaking well,” emphasizing that leaders who master clear and assertive communication techniques find it easier to align objectives and inspire teams. Another relevant book is “Breathing, Voice, and Diction,” which addresses the importance of vocal expression as a leadership tool, especially in contexts that require clear articulation of goals.

On the other hand, the development of strategic writing skills is addressed in the book “Moving Letters: the art of writing well.” This work highlights how clear and objective writing contributes to effective planning, allowing reports and plans to be understood by all involved, avoiding misunderstandings and promoting transparency.

The connection between planning, theater, and culture is an increasingly present trend in modern organizations. By integrating creative and strategic approaches, leaders can align institutional objectives with individual expectations, creating a healthier and more productive work environment. When well-directed, creativity becomes a powerful ally in the pursuit of concrete and transformative results.

Therefore, companies and public institutions that invest in strategic planning aligned with innovative cultural practices are more likely to achieve their goals efficiently and humanely. Inspiring, motivating, and engaging are key words for leaders who want to promote significant changes, both in the work environment and in society. Using methodologies such as Quasar K+, MAT, ThM, and TBMB means betting on a future where strategy and culture go hand in hand, enhancing results and strengthening teams.

Access the books by Antônio Carlos dos Santos on amazon.com or amazon.com.br

Click here.

https://www.amazon.com/author/antoniosantos

To learn more, click here.

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