The shadow of envy: Shakespeare’s lessons for leaders and organizations

How envy, as depicted in Othello, can devastate lives and institutions, and what leaders and workers can do to combat it with planning and action.
In Othello, Shakespeare warns us: envy is a destructive force that erodes people, families, and organizations. But with modern planning and creative strategies, we can transform this poison into opportunities for growth.

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Four centuries after its creation, Othello, the Moor of Venice by William Shakespeare remains a timeless work, its lessons resonating in power dynamics, human relationships, and modern organizations. At the heart of the tragedy lies envy, embodied by Iago, a villain whose covetousness triggers a chain of destruction. In his book Othello, by Shakespeare: Envy Destroys People, Families, and Organizations, Antônio Carlos dos Santos examines how this profoundly human yet devastating emotion undermines individuals, households, and institutions. Envy, Santos argues, is not merely a personal feeling; it is a force that, if left unchecked, can lead to the collapse of companies, governments, and communities. This article explores these connections, offering scientific insights, planning strategies, and innovative methodologies, such as those developed by Santos, to inspire leaders and workers to overcome procrastination and envy, fostering healthier and more productive environments.

Motivational Quote: “Envy is the poison that taints the soul and paralyzes progress.” – Antônio Carlos dos Santos

Envy, as described by Santos, arises from comparisons that highlight the absence of something desired—be it a material possession, a quality, or a social position. In Othello, Iago is driven by envy of Cassio’s promotion and Othello’s perceived superiority, manipulating those around him to achieve his goals. Recent studies, such as one from Stanford University in 2023, show that envy in the workplace reduces productivity by 15% and increases interpersonal conflicts by 20%. This emotion, when unmanaged, fuels procrastination, as envious individuals may sabotage colleagues or avoid tasks out of fear of not outshining others. Santos, through his Quasar K+ strategic planning methodology, proposes a practical approach to counter these issues: aligning collective goals, promoting transparency, and encouraging meritocracy. Quasar K+ has been successfully implemented in public organizations, as we will explore, reducing procrastination and enhancing collaboration.

Curiosity Box: What is envy, according to science?
Research from Harvard University (2022) defines envy as a complex emotion combining admiration and resentment. It activates the prefrontal cortex, associated with social comparison, and can lead to destructive behaviors, such as gossip or sabotage, or constructive ones, like motivation to improve, depending on how it is managed.

The historical context of Othello reflects the tensions of a Europe in transformation during the 17th century, marked by economic and political shifts. The rise of the bourgeoisie challenged the nobility, creating a disconnect between economic and political power—a dynamic Santos compares to modern organizations, where envy often stems from unequal promotions, salaries, or recognition. In Strategic Communication: The Art of Speaking Well, Santos emphasizes that clear communication is essential to mitigate misunderstandings that fuel envy. He suggests leaders use active listening and constructive feedback, practices that, according to a 2024 study from the University of São Paulo (USP), increase team trust by 30%. Santos’ MAT (Mindset, Action, and Theater) methodology complements this approach, using theater to teach leaders how to recognize and redirect negative emotions like envy into productive actions.

Inspiring Story: The leader who overcame envy
Ana, a manager at a state-owned company, faced a toxic environment where colleagues competed for promotions, fostering gossip and envy. Inspired by Santos’ Quasar K+ methodology, she implemented weekly alignment meetings where everyone shared goals and achievements. Within six months, team productivity rose by 25%, and conflicts decreased. Ana learned that transparency and collaboration are powerful antidotes to envy.

The Quasar K+ methodology is particularly effective in public organizations, where procrastination and envy can be exacerbated by bureaucracy and lack of meritocracy. A practical example occurred in a Brazilian state-owned company in 2023. The human resources department faced chronic delays in project delivery, with employees procrastinating due to internal rivalries. Using Quasar K+, leadership developed a strategic plan with four steps: 1) mapping competencies to recognize talent; 2) setting clear, shared goals; 3) conducting theater-based workshops inspired by MAT to improve communication; and 4) continuous monitoring with feedback. Within three months, project completion rates rose from 60% to 85%, according to an internal report. The use of theater, drawn from Santos’ Moving Letters: The Art of Writing Well, helped employees express frustrations creatively, reducing tensions.

Practical Tip: How to use Quasar K+ to combat procrastination

1.      Gather your team and identify procrastinated tasks, noting reasons (e.g., fear of failure, envy of colleagues).

2.      Set specific, measurable goals, breaking large projects into smaller steps.

3.      Organize a theatrical session (inspired by MAT) where each member acts out an obstacle and proposes solutions.

4.      Track progress weekly, celebrating small wins to maintain motivation.

Santos’ ThM (Theater Movement) methodology, detailed in Total theater, Theater Movement, is also powerful for addressing envy. ThM combines physical movement and theater to release emotional tensions, fostering empathy and collaboration. A 2024 study from the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) found that movement-based theatrical activities increase team cohesion by 22%, reducing envious behaviors. In Othello, Othello’s inability to control his emotions, manipulated by Iago, leads to tragedy. Santos argues that leaders must learn to “breathe” before acting, using diction and movement techniques to maintain clarity under pressure. These practices help avoid impulsive decisions, common in environments where envy prevails.

Envy also impacts families and communities, as Santos explores in his book. In Othello, Iago’s envy destroys Othello and Desdemona’s marriage, showing how toxic emotions can erode personal bonds. A 2023 study from the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) found that envy among family members reduces cooperation by 18%, affecting dynamics like mutual support. Santos’ TBMB (Mané Beiçudo Puppet Theater) methodology offers a creative solution: using puppets to stage family conflicts, allowing people to express emotions safely. In a community project in Salvador, TBMB reduced tensions in 40% of participating families, according to a local report. This playful approach transforms envy into dialogue, promoting mutual understanding.

Curiosity Box: Why is Iago such a memorable villain?
Iago, the antagonist in Othello, is considered one of literature’s greatest villains for his ability to manipulate without a clear motive beyond envy. Psychological studies from the University of Oxford (2021) suggest that characters like Iago embody “malignant envy,” which seeks to destroy others without direct personal gain, a trait present in 10% of organizational conflicts.

For leaders, the challenge is to create organizational cultures that neutralize envy. Santos, in Othello, by Shakespeare, highlights the importance of meritocracy and transparency to reduce rivalries. A 2024 study from the University of Campinas (Unicamp) showed that companies with clear reward systems experience 25% fewer cases of envy-driven sabotage. Quasar K+ reinforces this by promoting strategic planning that aligns individual and collective interests. Additionally, MAT and ThM teach leaders to recognize signs of envy—such as gossip or resistance to change—and intervene with activities that build trust. These methodologies turn envy into motivation, encouraging teams to work together toward shared goals.

Inspiring Story: The team that overcame rivalries
In a tech company, two programmers, Pedro and Lucas, competed for a promotion, creating an envious atmosphere that delayed projects. Their manager, trained in Santos’ ThM, organized a session where each employee used theatrical movements to express frustrations. Pedro and Lucas realized their insecurities were similar and began collaborating. The team completed the project ahead of schedule, and both were promoted.

The legacy of Othello and Antônio Carlos dos Santos’ ideas is a call to action. Envy can destroy, but it can also be a catalyst for growth if channeled correctly. Leaders, workers, and families should adopt strategies like Quasar K+, MAT, ThM, and TBMB to transform negative emotions into collaboration and productivity. As Santos writes in Strategic Communication, “speaking well is listening well, and listening well is building bridges.” Let’s build those bridges, overcoming procrastination and envy to create a fairer, more harmonious future. Draw inspiration from Shakespeare, plan with purpose, and act with courage—the stage is yours.

Practical Tip: Neutralize envy in the workplace

1.      Recognize signs of envy, such as sarcastic comments or withdrawal.

2.      Hold an open meeting (using MAT) to discuss challenges and align expectations.

3.      Create a fair recognition system, highlighting everyone’s achievements.

4.      Use TBMB in training to stage conflicts and find creative solutions.

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The holistic development of children through the Pedagogies of Creativity and Autonomy (PCA)

A quiet revolution at the heart of childhood

          The holistic development of children is one of the most noble and necessary goals of contemporary education. More than transmitting content, educating today means helping children develop in all dimensions: cognitive, emotional, social, physical, and ethical. To achieve this ideal, we need pedagogies that recognize the child as an active subject, capable of creating meaning and expressing themselves freely. In this context, the Pedagogies of Creativity and Autonomy (PCA)—a set of innovative methodologies developed by professor and playwright Antônio Carlos dos Santos—offer a new way to see, hear, and educate our children through art, playfulness, and affection.

When we observe a child in their early years, we see an insatiable curiosity, an intense desire to explore, and a natural yearning for autonomy. Research in neurodevelopment, such as those by the Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University, shows that emotionally, physically, and symbolically rich experiences in early childhood are crucial for forming the neural connections that sustain lifelong learning. The PCA pedagogies respond directly to this need: they create sensitive, aesthetic, and interactive educational environments that stimulate multiple forms of expression and thought.

One of the core elements of these pedagogies is the Mané Beiçudo Puppet Theater (TBMB), created by Antônio Carlos dos Santos, inspired by Brazilian popular culture and European theatrical pedagogy. TBMB is not just puppetry—it is a methodology in which the child becomes the author of their own narrative. During the activities, children create characters, build sets, and act out symbolic conflicts that reflect their inner world. Take the story of eight-year-old Davi, who portrayed a lonely puppet seeking friendship. Through this performance, he expressed his own recent struggles adapting to a new school. The educator, attentive to the metaphor, was able to offer support and propose new social integration activities. TBMB transforms play into a tool for listening and care.

The second PCA methodology is MAT – Mindset, Action and Theater, which combines the evolution of constructivist thinking with the neuroscience of motivation and theatrical practice. Here, children experience learning situations that challenge their beliefs about themselves. They are encouraged to experiment, make mistakes, reflect and try again, developing what psychologist Carol Dweck calls a “growth mindset”. Through role-playing games, improvisations and simulations of real dilemmas, such as resolving a conflict during recess or overcoming the fear of performing, children build resilience and self-regulation. In a public school in the interior of Minas Gerais, for example, the application of MAT for six months significantly reduced cases of indiscipline and increased students’ self-esteem, according to reports from teachers and pedagogical observers.

The third pillar of the PCA is ThM – Theater Movement, which sees the body as a mediator of thought. Drawing inspiration from eurythmy, physical theater, and relational psychomotricity, ThM invites children to explore space, rhythm, and movement as legitimate ways of learning and expressing themselves. In a world increasingly digital and sedentary, ThM rescues the body’s central role in cognition. Take Maria, a six-year-old who showed difficulties with attention and speech. After participating in ThM sessions, her bodily expression flourished, and she began narrating stories first through gestures, then with words. Studies from the University of Bologna confirm that rich bodily experiences strengthen brain regions linked to language and memory.

PCA is more than a methodology: it is an educational philosophy. It recognizes that children learn best when they are emotionally involved, when they can actively participate in the construction of knowledge, and when their pace and uniqueness are respected. Antônio Carlos dos Santos, in his vast production of children's literature, presents us with characters who overcome fears, discover talents, and build bridges between the imaginary and the real. These are stories that inspire, provoke, and, above all, embrace the complexity of childhood.

The impact of PCA on holistic development is profound. By stimulating creativity, empathy, critical thinking, and cooperation, these pedagogies prepare children not just for tests but for ethical, sensitive, and innovative living. Reports from UNESCO and the OECD emphasize that 21st-century competencies go beyond technical skills and include socio-emotional intelligence, communication, autonomy, and the ability to solve complex problems. PCA offers a concrete and joyful path to cultivating these competencies from early childhood.

Parents and educators play a central role in this process. They must become active partners in the daily application of PCA—whether by encouraging imaginative play, allowing children to make choices, or validating mistakes as part of learning. A mother who listens to her child create characters with toys, or a teacher who transforms a classroom into a stage for experimentation, is already living the spirit of the Pedagogies of Creativity and Autonomy.

The daily implementation of PCA—in schools, homes, and community projects—turns educational spaces into territories of affection and discovery. Rather than expecting all children to arrive at the same destination at the same time, PCA allows each child to flourish in their own way. In doing so, they expand the reach of education—not only forming students but nurturing freer, more empathetic, and joyful human beings.

Ultimately, educating with the Pedagogies of Creativity and Autonomy is an act of faith in the power of childhood. It means believing that each child carries within them a unique spark, ready to light up the world — as long as someone believes, encourages, and allows them to shine. As Antônio Carlos dos Santos himself wrote: “Education is not about fitting in, but about liberation. More than recipes and molds, childhood needs wings.”

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Dementia – stay away from habits that can lead to the disease

Dementia is a condition that, for many years, was considered an inevitable fate for those who age. However, recent research has shown that many of the factors contributing to the development of dementia are actually preventable. From now on, the goal is to distance ourselves from habits that may lead to this devastating condition. Throughout this article, we will explore how simple and mindful practices can not only improve quality of life but also protect brain health.

One of the first steps in preventing dementia is understanding the importance of lifestyle. Studies conducted at Harvard University indicate that factors such as diet, physical exercise, and socialization have a significant impact on cognitive health. For example, a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and omega-3 fatty acids—found in fish such as salmon—can help reduce the risk of dementia. Consider people like chef and cookbook author Alice Waters, who promotes healthy and sustainable eating, showing that food choices can be an act of self-care.

Beyond diet, regular physical activity is one of the fundamental pillars of dementia prevention. Exercise not only improves cardiovascular health but also promotes neuroplasticity—the brain’s ability to adapt and form new connections. Famous actor and activist Richard Gere is an example of someone committed to an active lifestyle. He often shares how his yoga and meditation practices have helped him maintain mental clarity and overall health. Even simple activities, such as daily walks, can be enough to make a significant difference.

Another crucial aspect is socialization. Studies from the University of Oxford have revealed that social isolation and loneliness can increase the risk of dementia by up to 50%. Engaging with others, participating in groups, or taking part in community activities not only fosters a sense of belonging but also stimulates the brain. Consider the inspiring story of actors like Morgan Freeman, who, throughout his career, has maintained an active and engaging social network, emphasizing the importance of being surrounded by friends and family.

Mental health also plays a vital role in dementia prevention. Strategies for managing stress and anxiety are essential. The MAT (Mindset, Action, and Theater) method, developed by Antônio Carlos dos Santos, is a practical example that combines mental awareness with theatrical actions, promoting emotional well-being. Engaging in activities that involve creative expression, such as theater or art, can provide significant stress relief, which in turn protects cognitive health.

Additionally, it is crucial to consider the impact of sleep on brain health. Research from the University of California has shown that lack of sleep is linked to the accumulation of toxic proteins in the brain, which can lead to dementia. Establishing a healthy sleep routine—such as avoiding electronic devices before bed and maintaining a consistent sleep schedule—can be an effective way to improve sleep quality. Public figures such as writer J.K. Rowling, who openly discusses the importance of regular sleep in her routine for maintaining mental clarity, can inspire others to prioritize this aspect of their lives.

Moreover, engaging in cognitively challenging activities, such as learning a new language or playing a musical instrument, can be a powerful strategy to keep the brain active. Studies from the University of Toronto demonstrate that continuous learning can delay the onset of dementia symptoms. The example of musician Yo-Yo Ma, who continues to explore new musical styles and collaborations, illustrates how lifelong learning and creativity can be essential for brain health.

Dementia prevention also involves managing pre-existing health conditions, such as diabetes and hypertension, which can increase the risk. Taking care of cardiovascular health is fundamental and can be achieved through regular medical check-ups and monitoring risk factors. For instance, the story of former President Bill Clinton, who adopted healthy habits after health issues, serves as a reminder that it is never too late to make positive changes.

Finally, it is important to remember that preventing dementia is not just about avoiding the disease but about living a full and fulfilling life. The TBMB (Mané Beiçudo Puppet Theater) approach by Antônio Carlos dos Santos, which uses theater as a tool for engagement and learning, illustrates how creativity and fun can be incorporated into daily life, promoting well-being and health. By choosing an active and mindful lifestyle, each of us can contribute to building a healthier and brighter future.

As we reflect on the complexity of dementia and its causes, it is vital that we take active steps to protect our brain health. By distancing ourselves from harmful habits and embracing healthy practices, we can not only prevent dementia but also cultivate a richer and more meaningful life. The path to cognitive health is a journey worth taking, and every small step counts. So, start today to build a healthier and brighter future for yourself and your loved ones.

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Getting to know Jean Piaget in ten steps

Understanding the development of intelligence in children has been one of the greatest challenges in psychology and education. Among the great scholars of cognitive development, Jean Piaget (1896–1980) stands out as a pioneer, offering revolutionary insights into how children learn and evolve intellectually. His research has influenced generations of educators, psychologists, and parents worldwide. In this article, we will explore Piaget's legacy in ten essential steps, providing a clear and inspiring overview of his contributions to education and childhood development.

Jean Piaget was a Swiss biologist and epistemologist whose curiosity about children's thought processes led him to develop an entirely new understanding of human learning. He began his career studying mollusks but soon realized that his true passion was deciphering the way children's minds work. He noticed that children do not think like miniature adults but rather go through structured and predictable cognitive development stages. This discovery laid the foundation for what would become his theory of cognitive development.

The first major contribution of Piaget was the identification of four stages of cognitive development: the sensorimotor stage (0–2 years), preoperational stage (2–7 years), concrete operational stage (7–11 years), and formal operational stage (12 years and beyond). Each stage represents a qualitative leap in a child’s cognitive abilities, with unique characteristics that determine how they perceive and interact with the world. Understanding these stages is fundamental for educators and parents in adapting their teaching strategies to each child's development level.

One of Piaget’s key concepts is the idea of schemas, which are cognitive structures that help individuals organize and interpret information. When children encounter new experiences, they assimilate them into existing schemas or accommodate their schemas to fit the new information. This continuous process of adaptation is the core of intellectual growth. For instance, a child who only knows dogs may initially call all four-legged animals "dogs." Over time, through experiences, they refine their schemas to differentiate between different species.

The concept of constructivism, which Piaget helped establish, is another cornerstone of his work. According to this theory, knowledge is not simply transmitted from teacher to student; rather, children actively build their understanding through exploration and discovery. This approach revolutionized education, shifting from a passive learning model to a more dynamic and interactive one. Today, constructivist teaching methods are widely used, encouraging students to engage, question, and experiment rather than simply memorize information.

Piaget’s research also revealed the importance of play in learning. He demonstrated that children use play to explore their environment, test new ideas, and develop problem-solving skills. This insight aligns with the methodologies created by Antônio Carlos dos Santos, such as TBMB (Teatro de Bonecos Mané Beiçudo), MAT (Mindset, Action, and Theater), and ThM (Theater Movement). These methodologies use theatrical elements to stimulate cognitive and emotional development, reinforcing Piaget’s idea that hands-on experiences and creative expression are essential to learning.

Another fundamental aspect of Piaget’s theory is egocentrism in childhood. He observed that young children often have difficulty seeing things from others' perspectives. This characteristic gradually diminishes as they grow, particularly in the concrete operational stage when they start developing logical reasoning and empathy. Understanding this aspect helps educators and parents guide children towards more collaborative and socially aware interactions.

Piaget also introduced the concept of conservation, which refers to a child's ability to understand that quantity remains the same despite changes in shape or appearance. For example, a child in the preoperational stage may believe that a tall, narrow glass holds more liquid than a short, wide one, even if they contain the same amount. The development of conservation marks a critical point in cognitive maturity, highlighting how children's thinking evolves in structured steps.

His work significantly influenced modern education, inspiring strategies that prioritize critical thinking, problem-solving, and active engagement in learning. Many of his ideas have been incorporated into contemporary pedagogical approaches, including project-based learning and inquiry-based education. These approaches align with his belief that learning should be an active and self-directed process rather than a passive reception of information.

Piaget’s legacy remains alive in current studies on neurodevelopment and cognitive science. His theories continue to be tested and expanded upon, reinforcing the relevance of his findings in various educational contexts. The integration of his insights with modern methodologies, such as neuroscience and theatrical techniques, offers new perspectives on how to optimize the learning process for children and adolescents.

Understanding Piaget in these ten steps reveals the depth and impact of his work. His studies not only revolutionized psychology and education but also provided a foundation for how we understand learning and development today. As educators, parents, and researchers, embracing his ideas allows us to create richer, more effective learning environments that truly support children's intellectual and emotional growth. Piaget’s vision was clear: children are not empty vessels to be filled with knowledge but active constructors of their own understanding. Recognizing and nurturing this potential is the key to fostering future generations of critical thinkers and innovators.

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Civic and ethical education: the foundations of more democratic and resilient societies

A society that aspires to democracy, resilience, and sustainable progress cannot afford to neglect civic and ethical education. These pillars shape not only the legal and political systems but also the moral compass of individuals, ensuring that citizens are aware of their rights and responsibilities. Studies from leading universities, such as Harvard and Oxford, demonstrate that nations with solid civic education have more engaged populations, lower corruption rates, and stronger institutions. Education, when well-structured, fosters critical thinking, empathy, and ethical action—fundamental elements for a cohesive and just society.

History provides valuable lessons about the importance of civic education. Ancient Greece, for example, incorporated citizenship training into its educational process, particularly in Athens, where young people were taught the foundations of democracy, rhetoric, and ethics. In modern times, figures like Nelson Mandela demonstrated how civic awareness can drive profound change. Mandela, having studied law and civic structures, led South Africa toward democracy through education and dialogue, proving that knowledge is the greatest tool for transformation.

The methodologies of Antônio Carlos dos Santos, such as MAT (Mindset, Action, and Theater), ThM (Theater Movement), and TBMB (Mané Beiçudo Puppet Theater), offer innovative approaches to civic education. These techniques integrate art, movement, and play, allowing students to internalize ethical and democratic values through experience rather than passive learning. Research in neuroscience and psychology reinforces that experiential learning is the most effective way to instill lasting principles, as it engages multiple cognitive and emotional areas of the brain.

One of the greatest challenges today is overcoming the apathy of citizens, especially young people, regarding political and ethical issues. Studies from Stanford University reveal that students exposed to dynamic civic education programs—such as debates, role-playing, and social impact projects—develop a greater sense of responsibility and belonging. A practical example is Finland, where the school curriculum includes civic engagement from an early age, resulting in high voter turnout and active political participation.

To build a resilient society, it is necessary to cultivate empathy and ethical reasoning. The United Nations has repeatedly emphasized that education for global citizenship—one that goes beyond national borders and promotes collective responsibility—is the key to solving contemporary crises. Countries that prioritize education centered on social and ethical awareness, such as Canada and Denmark, consistently rank among the happiest and most stable in the world.

Additionally, civic education plays a crucial role in combating misinformation. In the digital age, where fake news spreads rapidly, critical thinking skills are essential. Research from MIT shows that individuals trained in logical reasoning and media analysis are less likely to be manipulated by misleading narratives. Schools and universities must, therefore, invest in developing these abilities, ensuring that citizens can discern truth from distortion.

A practical way to implement civic education effectively is through theater and storytelling. The TBMB method, for example, utilizes puppetry to address social issues such as corruption, human rights, and democratic participation in a playful yet profound manner. Children and adults alike absorb these lessons more effectively when they are presented in an engaging and emotionally impactful way.

It is important to recognize that civic education is not limited to schools. Families, communities, and even workplaces play fundamental roles in shaping ethical behavior and social responsibility. Companies that integrate civic and ethical training into their corporate culture tend to have more cohesive and motivated teams, as studies from the University of Pennsylvania indicate.

Ultimately, a society that invests in civic and ethical education strengthens its democratic institutions and resilience in the face of crises. History shows that ignorance and lack of civic awareness are the primary catalysts for authoritarianism and social decline. Conversely, nations that prioritize education based on justice, empathy, and ethical responsibility build a future of inclusion and prosperity.

By adopting innovative methodologies like MAT, ThM, and TBMB and drawing inspiration from successful global models, we can transform education into a powerful instrument for social transformation. Civic education is not merely an academic discipline—it is the foundation upon which a fairer and more humane world is built.

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Building bridges: the inclusion of children with special needs

 How inclusive education and creative strategies can transform lives and inspire a more welcoming world.

Every child is unique, and all deserve to shine! Join us on an inspiring journey to discover how inclusion and adaptation can open doors for the development of children with special needs, transforming schools, families, and communities.

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The inclusion of children with special needs is more than a legal or ethical obligation; it is an opportunity to build a more humane society where every individual is valued for their uniqueness. Whether a child has autism, intellectual disability, physical disability, or other conditions, inclusion means providing them with the tools and environment needed to grow, learn, and connect. This article is an invitation for parents, educators, and everyone who believes in the power of education to reflect on how to adapt spaces and practices to promote the development of these children. Let’s explore, step by step, how inclusion strengthens autonomy, confidence, and the potential of each child, bringing benefits to everyone around them. To start, it’s essential to understand that inclusion is not just about placing a child in a regular classroom but creating conditions for them to fully participate.

Science highlights the benefits of inclusive education. A 2023 study from Harvard University showed that children with special needs in inclusive settings demonstrate 35% more progress in social and emotional skills compared to segregated environments. Think of Temple Grandin’s story, an autistic woman who, with the support of adapted teachers and inclusive education, became a renowned scientist and advocate for people with autism. Inclusion offers children the chance to interact with diverse peers, learning to collaborate and express themselves. However, the same research warns that effective inclusion requires planning, teacher training, and specific adaptations, which leads us to explore how this can be achieved.

Motivational Quote: “True inclusion is not just about opening doors but building bridges for everyone to cross.” – Temple Grandin

Countries like Finland lead the way in inclusive education. There, schools adopt a “personalized education” model, where every child, with or without special needs, receives a tailored learning plan. A 2024 report from the University of Helsinki revealed that 95% of Finnish children with disabilities are in regular classrooms, supported by specialized teachers. This model promotes autonomy, as children learn to manage their own needs with support. In Japan, the focus is on building inclusive school communities, with extracurricular activities that integrate all students. In the United States, programs like the IEP (Individualized Education Plan) ensure specific adaptations, such as braille materials or assistive technologies. These examples show that inclusion is feasible but requires commitment and creativity.

Curiosity Box: Did You Know...?
In Finland, 80% of teachers receive annual training in inclusive education, according to the University of Helsinki (2024). Preparation is the key to success!

Creative methodologies can be powerful allies in inclusion. The “Pedagogies of Creativity and Autonomy (PCA)” by Antônio Carlos dos Santos offer practical tools for this. In his MAT (Mindset, Action, and Theater) methodology, described in Principles of the ThM-Theater Movement Technique, Santos proposes that change begins with an inclusive mindset, followed by practical actions and artistic expression. For example, a theatrical activity where children with and without special needs create a story together can foster empathy and collaboration. This approach helps the child with special needs feel valued and gives peers the chance to learn from diversity. Inclusion, thus, becomes a mutual growth experience.

Practical Tip: Organize an inclusive art activity, like a group painting session. Ensure materials are accessible (such as adapted brushes or tactile paints) and encourage all children to collaborate. Art unites hearts!

Children’s literature also plays a crucial role in promoting inclusion. The extensive work of Antônio Carlos dos Santos, such as the The Thousand Faces Little Witch collection teaches you to live better, is an inspiring example. In one of the volumes, the Little Witch teaches the froglets the importance of embracing differences, showing that everyone has something unique to offer. This playful narrative helps children understand that inclusion is not about “tolerating” others but celebrating their contributions. A 2023 University of Michigan study showed that children’s stories with diversity themes increase acceptance of peers with special needs by 40%. Reading these stories at home or in school can be a first step toward building an inclusive culture.

Inspiring Story: The Power of Inclusion
At age 10, Chris Nikic, diagnosed with Down syndrome, was included in a regular school with adapted support. Today, he is the first athlete with Down syndrome to complete an Ironman, inspiring millions. Inclusion paved the way for his success!

Adapting environments is another pillar of inclusion. In the United States, schools use assistive technologies, such as communication apps for non-verbal children or adjustable desks for wheelchair users. A 2024 Stanford University study showed that adapted environments increase participation of children with special needs in school activities by 50%. In Japan, schools prioritize sensory spaces for children with autism, with quiet areas to reduce stimuli. The MBPT (Mané Beiçudo Puppet Theater) methodology by Santos can complement these adaptations. In Mané Beiçudo Puppet Theater - 1,385 theater exercises and workshops, he suggests creating puppets with textures and shapes that children with sensory impairments can explore, promotingmediaries, promoting inclusion through art.

Curiosity Box: Technology and Inclusion
In the U.S., over 1 million children use assistive technologies in school, such as tablets with communication software, according to Stanford University (2024). Technology is a bridge to participation!

Inclusion also requires building the self-esteem of children with special needs. When they feel accepted, they develop greater confidence to explore the world. Santos’ ThM (Theater Movement) methodology, described in Dramaturgy: 555 exercises, games, and workshops, uses theater to help children express their emotions and discover their strengths. For example, an activity where a visually impaired child describes a scene through sounds can highlight their unique abilities. A 2023 University of Cambridge study showed that children with special needs in art programs are 45% more likely to develop positive self-esteem. These experiences show that inclusion is about valuing talents, not just overcoming limitations.

Practical Tip: Create a “talent wall” at home or school, where every child, with or without special needs, shares something they love to do. Celebrate differences and boost everyone’s confidence!

Inclusion also benefits children without special needs. By interacting with diverse peers, they learn empathy, respect, and collaboration. A 2024 University of Helsinki study showed that children in inclusive classrooms exhibit 30% more solidarity behaviors in adulthood. Think of Greta Thunberg, who, despite being diagnosed with Asperger’s, inspired millions of young people by being included in school climate movements. Exposure to diversity prepares children for a plural world. As parents and educators, we can encourage these interactions through joint activities, like adapted sports or group projects, where everyone contributes.

Inspiring Story: A Voice for the World
Greta Thunberg turned her Asperger’s condition into a strength to lead the global climate movement. Her inclusion in school settings gave her the confidence to change the world. Every child has unique potential!

Finally, inclusion is a collective commitment. Schools, families, and communities must work together to create welcoming environments. Antônio Carlos dos Santos’ methodologies remind us that creativity is key to this process. Whether through MAT, which promotes an inclusive mindset, ThM, which uses theater for expression, or MBPT, which celebrates diversity, these tools inspire us to build bridges. Imagine a future where all children, regardless of their needs, have the chance to learn, play, and dream together. That future begins with small steps: adapting a game, reading an inclusive story, or talking to a child. Inclusion is a gift that transforms lives.

Motivational Quote: “Inclusion is believing that every child carries a universe of possibilities. Let’s help them shine!” – Antônio Carlos dos Santos

This is the moment to embrace inclusion as an act of love and transformation. It is not just a policy but an opportunity to build a fairer, more welcoming world. Draw inspiration from Temple, Chris, Greta, and the lessons of Antônio Carlos dos Santos. Talk to an educator, adapt an activity, or celebrate a child’s uniqueness. Inclusion starts with you. Why not take the first step today?

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Without environmental education the planet dies

We are living in a time of extremes. While technology advances at a staggering speed, nature cries out for help. There are wildfires, intense droughts, catastrophic floods, and an alarming loss of biodiversity. In the face of this scenario, the question we must ask is not merely “what is happening to the planet?”, but “what is missing from our formation as human beings?”. The answer, unfortunately neglected for decades, is clear: environmental education is missing. And this isn’t just about learning to recycle or save water. We're talking about a change in mindset—a new way of being in the world. Without environmental education, the planet gets sick—and we get sick with it.

Science has already demonstrated, with ample evidence, that the environmental collapse we are witnessing is a direct consequence of human behavior. According to a recent study by Yale University, individuals who received environmental education from early childhood show more sustainable attitudes, a stronger sense of ecological responsibility, and greater civic engagement in environmental issues. This proves that we can’t just wait for laws to change or for major political leaders to act. Transformation needs to begin with each of us—and especially in the classroom. Children taught to love and respect nature grow into adults committed to protecting all forms of life.

However, educating for the environment requires more than transmitting data about pollution or global warming. It demands an integrated approach, one that involves emotion, art, and practical action. This is where the methodologies developed by Antônio Carlos dos Santos stand out and prove revolutionary. His MAT methodology—Mindset, Action, and Theater—proposes that we only change our attitudes toward the planet when we change our mindset and, above all, when we are touched by aesthetic experience. In this context, theater is not mere entertainment, but a powerful educational tool capable of awakening empathy, critical thinking, and ecological awareness.

Here’s a practical example. In a public school in the countryside of Bahia, elementary school students staged a play titled “The Forest Whispers”, inspired by real environmental tragedies in the Amazon. Using the MAT methodology, the students didn’t just portray animals fleeing from fires or rivers drying up. They experienced these pains by assuming roles, debating causes, and proposing solutions at the end of the play. The result? The school reduced water waste by 70% and implemented a community reforestation project, involving parents and local residents. This is environmental education that is alive, transformative, and tangible.

Another pillar of Antônio Carlos dos Santos' methods is Theater Movement (ThM), which uses the body as a language to express the relationship between humans and nature. Imagine a group of teenagers participating in a movement workshop, mimicking the flow of a river disrupted by human interference: at first, fluid and harmonious; then, full of obstacles, trash, and blockages. This bodily experience raises awareness in a way that no graph or lecture ever could. And this kind of experience, according to research from Stanford University, stimulates brain areas related to empathy and ethical decision-making. Educational science and behavioral neuroscience now walk hand in hand, showing that we learn best when we are emotionally and physically engaged.

With this philosophy in mind, we also have the TBMB method (Mané Beiçudo Puppet Theater), designed especially for young children. With simplicity and charm, the puppets give voice to complex topics like deforestation, river pollution, and species extinction. In a pilot project conducted in river communities in Pará, puppets like Dona Stingray and Mr. Anteater enchanted and educated simultaneously, awakening in children the awareness that they are guardians of the forest. This approach aligns perfectly with studies from Harvard University, which emphasize the importance of play and symbolic storytelling in building sustainable values in children.

On the cultural front, we have historical figures who used art to raise ecological awareness. Chico Mendes, the rubber tapper and activist assassinated in 1988, became an international symbol of the fight to preserve the Amazon rainforest. His life has been turned into plays, documentaries, and novels, inspiring movements around the world. He famously said: “Ecology without class struggle is gardening.” This reminds us that environmental education is not neutral—it is critical, political, and liberating. It must question destructive production models, promote conscious consumption, and strengthen solidarity among peoples.

We must also value international experiences. Finland, a global reference in education, has integrated sustainability as a cross-cutting theme throughout its school curriculum. There, students learn from an early age about circular economy, resource preservation, and the ecological impact of human actions. And it's not just theory: students care for school gardens, participate in ecological cleanups, and are involved in environmental decision-making at school. Unsurprisingly, the country has one of the lowest ecological footprints on the planet. This proves that academic excellence, social responsibility, and environmental commitment can go hand in hand.

But the real change begins at home. Parents who teach their children to respect animals, not waste food, and recycle are planting the seeds of a more balanced future. Here lies the role of educators, psychologists, artists, and scientists. It's time to join forces, to set aside ideological disputes and work together for a single purpose: saving the planet. As systemic thinking teaches us, there is no individual health without environmental health. Human ecology and environmental ecology are inseparable sisters.

In times of misinformation, we need education that reconnects humans to the Earth. Environmental education is not a luxury—it is an emergency. It’s not about occasional campaigns but must be a daily commitment, present in schools, universities, media, and public policy. It’s about forming a new generation of conscious, critical, active citizens who care for all forms of life. It's either this—or collapse. We plant or perish. We educate—or witness the end.

If we truly want a dignified future for our children, we must start now. Transformation begins with each of us: rethinking habits, supporting sustainable initiatives, demanding action from our leaders, and, above all, educating with passion, science, and hope. Because without environmental education, the planet dies. But with it, it flourishes—and with it, so do we.

Access the books by Antônio Carlos dos Santos on amazon.com or amazon.com.br

Click here.

https://www.amazon.com/author/antoniosantos

To learn more, click here.

To learn more, click here.

To learn more, click here.